Monday, January 20, 2014

Lit terms # 1

allegory: a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.
"Pilgrim's Progress is an allegory of the spiritual journey"

 alliteration:
the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words
Brenda's Bat Bakes Buttered Bread
 

 allusion: an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.
Bless me Ultima has a reference to the bible

 ambiguity: open for interpretation
Hamlet's character

 anachronism: a thing belonging or appropriate to a period other than that in which it exists, esp. a thing that is conspicuously old-fashioned.
"everything was as it would have appeared in centuries past apart from one anachronism, a bright yellow construction crane"

 analogy:
a comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification.
"an analogy between the workings of nature and those of human societies

 analysis:  detailed examination of the elements or structure of something, typically as a basis for discussion or interpretation
An analysis of a poem includes deeper meaning, translation of it, theme etc.
 
Anaphora: the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.
ex: “O LORD, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither chasten me in thy hot displeasure.
Have mercy upon me, O LORD; for I am weak: O LORD, heal me; for my bones are vexed.
My soul is also sore vexed: but thou, O LORD, how long?”

 anecdote:  short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person.
ex: grandpa telling you about the good old days where the movies were a quarter

 antagonist: a person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something; an adversary
ex: Grendel Beowulf

 antithesis: balancing of one term against another for emphasis or stylistic effectiveness
"love is the antithesis of selfishness"

 aphorism:
a pithy observation that contains a general truth.
ex: early to bed, early to rise, makes a man health and wise.
 
apologia: a justification for some doctrine, piece of writing, cause, or action
 Richard Nixon's speech discussing the Watergate Scandal and his resignation.

apostrophe:  figure of speech in which an absent or dead person, an abstract quality, or something inanimate or nonhuman is addressed directly
Oh great grandmother, if you were still alive..

 argument: the process of convincing a reader by proving either the truth or the falsity of an idea or proposition; also, the thesis or proposition itself


 assumption: the act of supposing
ex: The butler always is the murder in the old movies!
 
audience: intended listeners
ex: people at a play
 chiasmus: a reversal in the order of words so that the second half of a statement balances the first half in inverted word order

Ex: "Bad men live that they may eat and drink, whereas good men eat and drink that they may live." - Socrates

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